Well, for my perspective the most important ingredient of a villain is their objective or motive. People don't generally do evil things
just because they can (well, OK, Batman's Joker might be something like an exception. But then he's batshit insane).
The villain generally either has a genuine beef with the protagonist or some third party, or they have something to gain from being evil, or they have something they're want and they're prepared to get it by less-than-legal/moral means. Or they just profoundly hate something
that badly.
Take Wilbur Smith's books. They're all very much cookie-cutter. You've read one, you've read them all (with the exception of his trilogy set in Ancient Egypt). They all have something very specific they want, they're all usually powerful individuals, and in pretty much every story the villain is usually at least slightly deranged. Very rarely are they of sound mind. In fact, they're pretty much card-carrying villains who you can identify the very first time they're introduced into the story. They're the antagonist because they either want the same thing the protagonist does, or the protagonist is in some way obstructing them from having it. And they very quickly become unnecessarily murderous.
On the other hand, David Weber's
Honorverse series is a lot subtler. You tend to find you
like most of the antagonists. You can count on one hand the
real antagonists who are actually bastards (as opposed to the characters who just happen to be on the wrong side of the war, from the perspective of the story), and you can even find those particularly likeable. One particular guy (Rob Pierre) is introduced as basically an all-round decent guy trying to do something good for the people of Haven, but he ends up trapped by his position and his circumstances and is actually backed into a corner causing him to commit evil acts and tighten his grip because he has
no other option.
You don't even have to see the true villain. Take
The Lord of the Rings. The book mentions a great eye wreathed in flame, and it's drawn on orc shields, but it's actually just a metaphor of his will and all-pervasive presence looming. This is only seen by Frodo in the Mirror of Galadriel. It is never otherwise actually seen by any character throughout the books - the movie has that great CG effect for the purposes of looking cool and showing how evil he is. In fact, Sauron is
never seen or described by Tolkien whenever he appears in any of his stories. The big armoured guy in the movies was just made up by the moviemakers because movies are a visual medium.
Though if you actively want the reader to dislike the villain, you have to take the time to make them. They need to have a villain-card. Gaunt and pale people read as though they are more sinister. Fat people read as though they are corrupt. Malformed or misshapen people are just plain unnerving or horrifying. And this also has to show through in their behaviour: Evil unlikeable villains sneer, snort or talk down to people a lot, treat their underlings as inferior, perhaps be racist or otherwise just downright nasty. Corrupt fat people eat all the time and embezzle money. Yknow, the sort of stuff that makes you dislike someone.
Without more information as to the story's premise, or what the villain wants, you can't say what'd make them great, or what villain archetype might best fit.
Further readingArchetypes
"We Must Dissent. Will we next create false gods to rule over us? How proud we have become, and how blind."